The traditional agricultural model is facing challenges due to the increasing global population and climate change. The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has led to environmental pollution and soil degradation. Bio-based material amendments, such as microbial inoculants, nanomaterials, and biochar, offer a new approach to improving soil health and crop productivity. Research has shown that these amendments can enhance nutrient utilization efficiency, boost crop yields, and remediate heavy metal pollution. For example, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and increase crop yields. Nanomaterials can promote biological nitrogen fixation, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and improve nitrogen utilization efficiency. Biochar can adsorb heavy metals, provide habitats for microorganisms, and increase soil organic carbon storage. The combined use of these amendments has shown significant advantages, including improved nitrogen utilization efficiency and remediation of mine soil. However, large-scale application of bio-based material amendments still faces challenges, such as high production costs and environmental risk assessment. Further research is needed to optimize production processes, improve environmental risk assessment, and promote policy coordination to achieve field application of bio-based material technologies.
How Can Bio-Based Amendments Help Overcome the Challenges of Inefficient Nutrient Use and Poor Crop Yields?
