The use of viability dyes and quantitative PCR (qPCR) has developed significantly in the food microbiology field. Recent studies have explored the application of nanoparticles, such as gold and silver, in enhancing PCR efficiency and specificity. These nanoparticles can improve PCR yield, reduce reaction time, and increase sensitivity. Additionally, researchers have investigated the use of photothermal materials, including graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metal-organic frameworks, for PCR enhancement.
Plasmonic nanoparticles, such as gold and silver, have been used to develop photothermal PCR systems, which can amplify DNA rapidly and efficiently. These systems have potential applications in point-of-care diagnostics, food safety testing, and environmental monitoring. Furthermore, the use of nanomaterials, such as carbon dots and graphene oxide, has been explored for their potential in photothermal therapy and imaging-guided cancer treatment.
Overall, the integration of nanotechnology and PCR has led to significant advancements in the field of food microbiology and beyond, enabling rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of microorganisms and opening up new possibilities for therapeutic applications.