India is at a crossroads in its journey towards sustainability and a circular economy. Despite significant strides, there is a gap between ambitious goals and ground-level implementation. In 2024, India faced a growing waste management crisis, with a material circularity rate below the global average. While some corporations and startups have shown leadership in sustainability, many have struggled to meet their goals.
In 2025, there are opportunities and challenges ahead. Indian startups and MSMEs are expected to play a key role in scaling circular solutions. The government is introducing policies to promote sustainability, such as the Extended Producer Responsibility framework for e-waste and plastics. Consumer awareness is also growing, with 68% of urban consumers willing to adopt eco-friendly alternatives.
Key areas to watch in 2025 include scaling innovations, strengthening government policies, and consumer awareness and behavioral change. Focus areas will be textiles, agriculture, and construction. Expert opinions highlight the need for robust partnerships between government, private sector, and citizens to drive progress. As India navigates this critical year, it has the potential to lead the way globally in the circular economy movement.