A team of German researchers conducted a rigorous study to evaluate the eco-efficiency and cost-effectiveness of 13 different heating systems for a typical two-story house. They used a combination of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Net Present Value (NPV) to analyze factors such as installation costs, energy consumption, maintenance expenses, and CO2 emissions. The study found that the air-to-water heat pump with photovoltaics was the most efficient and cost-effective option, producing 17% lower environmental impact and reducing costs by 6% compared to a traditional gas boiler. The wood gasification boiler was a close second, despite being more expensive, due to its renewable fuel source. On the other hand, complex systems like wood pellet boilers with solar thermal panels failed to justify their expense. The study’s findings suggest that homeowners should consider the air-to-water heat pump with photovoltaics as a smart long-term investment, while also considering their specific needs, budget, and environmental priorities.
Consensus is reached: the most economical and efficient heating solution has been identified.
