Researchers from Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (Fraunhofer ISE) have proposed a novel method for assessing and comparing low-temperature heat sources for integration with industrial heat pump operations. The five-step process, which uses open-source data and indicators, evaluates heat sources in terms of their potential, availability, and cost. The method identifies potential heat sources, including air, water, soil, and solar-based sources, and assesses their technical, regulatory, economic, and environmental aspects. The researchers tested the method on the German city of Fellbach, which relies heavily on gas and oil boilers for heat supply. The study identified several potential heat sources, including the river Neckar, groundwater wells, industrial plants, and residential areas, and found that five of these sources had a levelized cost of heat (LCOH) below 0.1€/kWh. The study recommends further development of heat extraction from river water, solar thermal panels, and industrial waste heat, as well as near-surface geothermal extraction near a new housing estate. This innovative approach could help municipalities transition to more sustainable and cost-effective heat supply systems.
Integrating low-temperature heat sources with industrial-scale heat pumps
