Early diagnosis of diseases is crucial for effective treatment, and non-invasive detection of biomarkers plays a key role in improving diagnosis. Biosensors, which use nanomaterials to detect biomarkers in bodily fluids, have emerged as a promising technology due to their cost-effectiveness, portability, and rapid response times. Advanced biosensors use nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots to enhance sensitivity and signal amplification.
These nanomaterials have unique properties that enable them to detect biomarkers with high sensitivity and selectivity. For example, gold nanoparticles can detect biomarkers in small amounts, while carbon nanotubes can increase the active surface area of electrodes and improve electron transfer. Quantum dots can be used for optical fluorescence biomarker detection and have been explored for detecting biomarkers related to various diseases.
Despite the challenges in synthesizing and characterizing these nanomaterials, innovation continues to drive the development of novel nanomaterials and biosensors. The goal is to improve point-of-care and personalized diagnostics, enabling rapid and accurate detection of diseases and delivering better outcomes for patients. With further advancements, these technologies have the potential to revolutionize disease diagnosis and treatment.